GlobalCitation promotes high-quality research through open access and robust quality standards and aims to assist researchers globally throughout the entire publication process. Our authors guidelines provide them with the information they will need to produce manuscripts which conform to international standards for scholarly work and ethics.

General Guidelines for Authors

Authors must thoroughly check the following criteria prior to submitting a paper or article for publication with GlobalCitation:

• The article must contain no grammatical or spelling mistakes.
• All ethical standards applicable to the study must be adhered to in order for the article to be considered for publication.
• Keywords must be used appropriately.
• All figures or tables must be referred to within the main text and have clear captions.
• References must be complete and in the correct order throughout the entire article.
• Full permission and attribution for the use of any copyrighted material must have been received before submitting the article.
• Supplementary data must accompany the article when applicable.
• A conflict of interest statement must be included in the article, even if the author has no conflicts of interest.
• If a graphical abstract and/or highlights are being submitted they must be submitted as separate files as required by GlobalCitation.

Reporting Guidelines

Authors must conduct their studies in line with established international guidelines for reporting their findings through a series of standards dependent on the type of research. Research studies fall into one of the following categories depending on the design of the study and all findings must follow these journal guidelines for authors:

1. CONSORT (Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials, for the report of Randomized Controlled Trials [RCTs]).
2. TREND for Non-Randomized Intervention Studies.
3. PRISMA for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses.
4. CARE for Case Reports.
5. STROBE for Observational Studies.
6. STREGA for Genetic Association Studies.
7. STARD and TRIPOD for Diagnostic Accuracy Studies and Prognostic or Predictive Models.
8. COREQ for Qualitative Research.
9. ARRIVE for Animal Research.
10. CHEERS for Health Economic Evaluations.
11. MOOSE for Meta-Analyses of Observational Studies.

To submit a manuscript to GlobalCitation, much like with majorbook publishers, you must use our online submission system. As outlined in the authors guidelines, any submissions sent by email or in any other manner will not be accepted or reviewed.

The corresponding author is responsible for completing the entire submission process, will be the primary point of contact during the editorial and review processes, and is responsible for ensuring that all authors on the submission meet the authorship requirements of the ICMJE, the COPE and our specific journal guidelines for authors before submitting their work.

Cover Letter

A cover letter must accompany each submission of a manuscript as part of the author’s submission Package. The corresponding author must provide a descriptive paragraph that briefly summarizes the significance and uniqueness or originality of the research.

Additionally, as part of the submission package, the cover letter must include the following information:

• Confirmation that the manuscript submitted is an original piece of work that has not been published elsewhere,
• Confirmation that the work is not currently being considered for publication by another journal,
• Confirmation that all authors listed on the manuscript agree to the submission and authorship order,
• Confirmation that there are no authorship disagreements that are still unresolved, and
• Disclosure if there are any potential conflicts of interest or concerns about journal policy.

Title

Authors should provide a title that accurately reflects the study’s content and scope using concise, clear terminology. Titles should be 10-15 words in length, or longer if necessary. The use of abbreviations or shortened forms of words is discouraged unless they are common usage in the scientific community.

Authors’ Names and Institutional Affiliations

The first page of a manuscript must provide enough bibliographic information about the authors to enable proper attribution of credit and effective communication. The information that is required to be provided, at a minimum, includes:

1. Full name of each author,
2. Name of the author’s institution or organization,
3. Author’s digital identifier (e.g., ORCID), if applicable,
4. Valid email address(es) for each author.

Article Structure

Subdivision - Numbered Sections

Additionally, manuscripts must be structured in a way that there are clear and distinct sections which can be identified using their numbering system, as detailed in these journal guidelines for authors. Following that, specifically the subsections within each of these larger sections must be organized using a hierarchical numbering system, for example: 1.1 – 1.1.1 – 1.1.2 – 1.2, and so on.

The section (or large section) number will not be used in an abstract. Additionally, this numbering system should also be used in all internal cross-references.

This numbering system will be used consistently for all internal cross-references of sections and subsections. Authors should reference sections and subsections using numbers, rather than the term “the text above,” to make clear to readers which section they are referring to. Each section and subsection number must appear on a separate line and should every time have a title that is concise and descriptive of the section’s content.

Highlights

Although the Highlights section of a manuscript is optional, it is recommended that authors include it as it promotes greater visibility and discoverability of the article. The Highlights section will summarize the major contributions of the manuscript using 3 to 5 bullet points.

The following are the authors guidelines for the Highlights section:

• None of the bullet points should exceed 85 total characters (including spaces).
• The Highlights section must either be submitted as a separate editable file called “Highlights”
• May be included on the manuscript as a clearly labeled section at the time of submission.

Effective highlights will help improve the manuscript’s search performance and promote greater engagement by readers.

Graphical Abstract

While a Graphical Abstract is not a requirement when submitting an article to GlobalCitation, we highly encourage authors to include one. It provides an excellent means for authors to give a visual overview of the primary message of their article and increases the likelihood of their work being read. The Graphical Abstract needs to accurately represent the findings of the study in the same way as would be done with Figures in a manuscript, according to the same standards of quality.

For instructions on acceptable file formats and image quality of your Graphical Abstract, please see the Figures and Artwork Guidelines.

Recommended specifications:

• Display size: legible on a standard screen (96 dpi) at 5 x 13 cm.
• Image resolution: 531 pixels high x 1328 pixels wide.

Abstract

The Abstract of your manuscript should be approximately 250 words in length and should briefly summarize the major components of your research – including; Brief Background; Major Objectives; Key Results; and a brief conclusion. Authors should only use subscripts and citations in the Abstract as absolutely necessary so there is clarity for a broad audience of academic readers.

Keywords

Author(s) must provide between 6 and 8 Keywords for their manuscript that accurately describe the content of the manuscript. The Keywords submitted should be very specific rather than general (for example: “disease”, “environment”, “climate” are all examples of general or broad Keywords).

​Introduction

The introductory section will offer an overview of the topic, including the background, context, and importance of this particular area of research. The research problem and goals will be directly addressed, as well as providing a position within the existing body of knowledge.

Materials and Methods

The methods section must provide sufficient information for the study to be replicated. The authors must provide sufficient detail including:

• Data sources
• Materials and instruments
• Study design and settings
• Experimental procedures, interventions and comparisons.

All methodological details relevant to the primary outcomes of the research project must be included in this area of the manuscript.

Results

The Results section must contain a clear, concise explanation of the results produced by the study. Statistical results must be reported in the text with appropriate support from tables and/or figures where appropriate.

Authors should avoid making interpretations in the Results section but will report only on what was found.

Discussion

The authors are expected to interpret the results found in the context of existing research and predict a future direction based on the results of their study in the Discussion section. Limitations of the study should also be addressed in the Discussion.

On occasion, the Results and Discussion section may be combined if it does not compromise either the ability to interpret the results within the context of existing literature or to report the findings scientifically.

Conclusion

A summary of the key findings and contributions from this research is what the conclusion will provide. It is also important that there is no new information or new reference/s presented in the conclusion and that it reaffirms the importance of this work.

Abbreviations

When using abbreviations, the complete term(s) must first appear within the manuscript to help the reader understand the meaning of the abbreviations. Authors may also want to create an “Abbreviation” section within their article where all abbreviations are listed and their complete terms defined.

Declarations

Research manuscripts submitted to GlobalCitation must always include the following declarations, as appropriate:

• Ethics approval and consent to participate
• Consent for publication
• Availability of data and materials
• Conflict of interest
• Funding
• Authors' contributions

Including these sections in your research promotes transparency, accountability, and ethical standards in publishing. Refer to the “Ethics Guidelines Page” of GlobalCitation’s Website for detailed information about ethical publishing and author guidelines.

Like many leading book publishers, GlobalCitation journals accept manuscripts formatted using either the Vancouver or ACS reference styles. Authors must ensure that one reference style is applied consistently throughout the manuscript. The following points should be carefully observed when citing sources.

• Ensure Consistency in Citations

All references cited in the manuscript text, figures, tables, or supplementary materials must also appear in the reference list. Likewise, every reference listed must be cited within the manuscript.

• Author Count and “et al.” Usage

If a reference includes six or fewer authors, the names of all authors should be listed. For references with more than six authors, list the first six authors followed by et al. to represent the remaining contributors.

• Include DOIs

Where available, the Digital Object Identifier (DOI) must be included at the end of each reference to ensure persistent and accurate identification of the source.

• Author Name Format

Authors’ first and middle names should be abbreviated to initials, followed by the complete surname. This format should be applied consistently across all references.

• Citing Published and Accepted Articles

Only articles that have been published or formally accepted for publication should be included in the reference list.

• Published articles must include page numbers or article identifiers.
• Accepted but unpublished articles should be indicated as “In Press” within brackets.

GlobalCitation discourages the citation of manuscripts or data that are still under peer review.

• Preprint References

If a cited source is a preprint, this must be clearly stated in the reference. When a peer-reviewed journal version of the same work exists, authors should cite the final published article instead.

• Quoting and Citing Verbatim Text

Any verbatim text reproduced from another source must be enclosed in quotation marks and properly cited in the reference list. This practice ensures appropriate attribution, transparency, and academic integrity.

Vancouver Reference Style

The Vancouver style follows a citation-sequence system, in which references are numbered in the order they appear in the text rather than alphabetically.

Reference Citations Within Text

References are cited numerically using square brackets.

• Single reference: [1]
• Multiple references: [1, 4]
• Range of references: [3–9]

If a reference is cited more than once, the same reference number should be reused.

If a reference includes six or fewer authors, all author names should be listed.

If there are more than six authors, list the first six authors followed by et al.

Examples

Journal:

[1] Moreno JL, Alvarez P, Singh R. Neural adaptation during prolonged cognitive load. Neuropsychologia 2018; 112:45–56.
[2] Chen Y, Novak P, Lewis M, Kwon H, Patel S, Romero A, et al. Mitochondrial signaling in stress-induced neurodegeneration. J Neurosci Res 2021;99(4):1021–1034.

Edited Book:

[3] Harrington KJ. Principles of Translational Medicine. London: Academic Press; 2016.
[4] Walters R, McKenzie T, editors. Applied Linguistics in Global Contexts. New York: Routledge; 2019.

Book Chapter:

[5] Feldman R. Emotional regulation across the lifespan. In: Steinberg L, editor. Handbook of Developmental Psychology. Boston: Pearson; 2017. p. 211–229.
[6] Okafor N, Liu Z. Sustainable materials in biomedical engineering. In: Kumar S, editor. Advances in Biomedical Design. Singapore: Springer; 2020. p. 95–118.

Patents:

[7] Ibrahim A, Khan M, Solis J. System and method for automated data integrity verification. US Patent 11794286, 2022.
[8] Delgado R. Adaptive sensor calibration framework. WIPO Patent Application WO/2024/113902, 2024.

Conference Proceeding

Published:

[9] Turner L. Digital ethics in large-scale data systems. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Data Governance; 2019; Berlin, Germany. Berlin: IEEE; 2020. p. 55–61.
[10] Ahmed S, Novak J. Machine learning reliability in healthcare diagnostics. In: Proceedings of the Global AI Summit; 2021 Sep 12–15; Toronto, Canada. New York: ACM; 2022. p. 188–196.

Unpublished:

[11] Patel R. Enhancing reproducibility in computational science. Paper presented at: Open Science Symposium; 2020 Jun 4–6; Amsterdam, Netherlands.
[12] Meyer T, Fischer L. Gene expression variability in autoimmune disorders. Poster session presented at: European Molecular Biology Conference; 2018 Oct 10–13; Vienna, Austria.

ACS Reference Style

Similar to the Vancouver style, the ACS reference style also follows a numerical citation-sequence system, in which references are listed in the order they appear in the manuscript.

Reference Citations Within Text

References should be cited numerically in italics within the text and listed in sequential order.If a reference is cited multiple times, the same number should be retained.Multiple references cited at the same location should be listed in ascending order and separated by commas.

Examples

---

Journal:

[13] Moreno JL, Alvarez P, Singh R. Neural adaptation during prolonged cognitive load. Neuropsychologia 2018; 112:45–56.
[14] Chen Y, Novak P, Lewis M, Kwon H, Patel S, Romero A, et al. Mitochondrial signaling in stress-induced neurodegeneration. J Neurosci Res 2021;99(4):1021–1034.

Edited Book:

[15] Harrington KJ. Principles of Translational Medicine. London: Academic Press; 2016.
[16] Walters R, McKenzie T, editors. Applied Linguistics in Global Contexts. New York: Routledge; 2019.

Book Chapter:

[17] Feldman R. Emotional regulation across the lifespan. In: Steinberg L, editor. Handbook of Developmental Psychology. Boston: Pearson; 2017. p. 211–229.
[18] Okafor N, Liu Z. Sustainable materials in biomedical engineering. In: Kumar S, editor. Advances in Biomedical Design. Singapore: Springer; 2020. p. 95–118.

Patents:

[19] Ibrahim A, Khan M, Solis J. System and method for automated data integrity verification. US Patent 11794286, 2022.
[20] Delgado R. Adaptive sensor calibration framework. WIPO Patent Application WO/2024/113902, 2024.

Conference Proceeding

[8] Turner, L. Digital ethics in large-scale data systems. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Data Governance; 2020.

At Global Citation, we recognize that the integrity of the academic record is the foundation of progress. We are steadfast in our commitment to upholding the highest standards of publication ethics and ensuring that every article we publish meets rigorous quality benchmarks. Our policies are designed to be transparent, fair, and consistent.

These guidelines for authors outline the responsibilities and expectations for all parties involved in the publishing process, including authors, peer reviewers, editors, and the publisher. We align our protocols with the core practices established by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE). By submitting to or working with Global Citation, you agree to adhere to these ethical standards.

Duties and Responsibilities of Authors

Authors are the creators of scholarly knowledge. It is their primary responsibility to ensure that the work they submit is accurate, original, and ethically conducted.

Authorship and Contributorship

Authorship confers credit and has important academic, social, and financial implications. It also implies responsibility and accountability for the published work.

Criteria for Authorship

To be listed as an author, an individual must meet all four of the following conditions:

1. Substantial contributions: The individual must have played a significant role in the conception or design of the work, or the acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data for the work.
2. Drafting or revising: The individual must have drafted the work or revised it critically for important intellectual content.
3. Final approval: The individual must have given final approval of the version to be published.
4. Accountability: The individual must agree to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved.

Contributor Roles

Contributors who do not meet all four of the above criteria should not be listed as authors. Instead, they should be acknowledged in the “Acknowledgments” section. Examples of non-author contributions include acquiring funding, general supervision of a research group, or general administrative support. We encourage authors to use the CRediT (Contributor Roles Taxonomy) system to specify the exact contribution of each person listed.

Unacceptable Authorship Practices

• Ghost Authorship: This occurs when someone who made substantial contributions is omitted from the author list. This is strictly prohibited.
• Gift or Guest Authorship: This occurs when someone is listed as an author without meeting the criteria, often due to seniority or affiliation. This violates our ethical standards.

Changes to Authorship

Any changes to the author list after submission, such as the addition, deletion, or rearrangement of author names, must be approved by all authors. The corresponding author must provide a written explanation for the change to the editorial office.

Originality and Plagiarism

Authors must ensure that they have written entirely original works. Plagiarism takes many forms, from passing off another’s paper as the author’s own paper, to copying or paraphrasing substantial parts of another’s paper (without attribution), to claiming results from research conducted by others.

Plagiarism Detection

Global Citation uses advanced similarity detection software to screen all submissions. If plagiarism is detected during the review process, the manuscript may be rejected. If plagiarism is proven after publication, the article will be retracted.

Self-Plagiarism and Redundant Publication

Authors should not publish manuscripts describing essentially the same research in more than one journal or primary publication. Submitting the same manuscript to more than one journal concurrently constitutes unethical publishing behavior and is unacceptable. Authors must not recycle text from their own previous publications without proper citation.

Data Integrity and Fabrication

The trustworthiness of science depends on the honest reporting of data.

Fabrication and Falsification

Data fabrication is the construction of data that does not exist. Data falsification is the manipulation of research materials, equipment, or processes, or the changing or omission of data such that the research is not accurately represented in the research record. Global Citation maintains a zero tolerance policy for data manipulation.

Image Integrity

Digital images must faithfully represent the original data. While adjustments to brightness, contrast, or color balance are acceptable if applied to the whole image, specific features must not be moved, removed, obscured, or enhanced. We may request the original, unprocessed data files for verification during the review process.

Disclosure of Conflict of Interest

Authors must disclose any financial or personal relationships with other people or organizations that could inappropriately influence (bias) their work.

• Financial Conflicts: Examples include employment, consultancies, stock ownership, honoraria, paid expert testimony, patent applications/registrations, and grants or other funding.
• Non-Financial Conflicts: Examples include personal relationships, academic competition, and intellectual beliefs.

If there are no conflicts of interest, authors should state: “The authors declare no conflict of interest.”

Ethical Oversight

Authors must ensure that their research complies with all relevant international and local laws and regulations.

• Human Subjects: Research involving human participants must be conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Authors must confirm that the study was approved by an institutional review board (IRB) or ethics committee and that informed consent was obtained from all participants.
• Animal Subjects: Research involving animals must adhere to the ARRIVE guidelines and the 3Rs principle (Replacement, Reduction, Refinement). Authors must state the name of the ethics committee that approved the study.
• Cell Lines and Plants: Authors must report the origin and authentication of cell lines. Research on plants must comply with the Convention on Biological Diversity.

Use of Artificial Intelligence (AI)

Generative AI tools and Large Language Models (LLMs) cannot be listed as authors because they cannot take responsibility for the work. If AI tools are used in the writing process, data collection, or analysis, this must be transparently disclosed in the manuscript. The author remains fully responsible for the accuracy of any AI generated content.

Duties and Responsibilities of Editors

Editors play a central role in maintaining the scholarly record. They are the guardians of the review process and must act with independence and integrity.

Duties and Responsibilities of Editors

Editors play a central role in maintaining the scholarly record and must ensure they adhere to the journal guidelines for authors when evaluating submissions.. They are the guardians of the review process and must act with independence and integrity.

Publication Decisions

The Editor-in-Chief is responsible for deciding which of the articles submitted to the journal should be published. This decision is based on the validation of the work in question, its importance to researchers and readers, the reviewers’ comments, and legal requirements regarding libel, copyright infringement, and plagiarism. The Editor-in-Chief may confer with other editors or reviewers in making this decision.

Fair Play and Editorial Independence

Editors must evaluate manuscripts for their intellectual content without regard to race, gender, sexual orientation, religious belief, ethnic origin, citizenship, or political philosophy of the authors. The editorial decision process must be separated from the commercial interests of the publisher. Global Citation ensures that revenue sources do not influence editorial decisions.

Confidentiality

The editor and any editorial staff must not disclose any information about a submitted manuscript to anyone other than the corresponding author, reviewers, potential reviewers, other editorial advisers, and the publisher, as appropriate. Editors must ensure that the peer review process remains confidential and that the identity of the reviewers is protected (in single or double-blind review models).

Disclosure and Conflicts of Interest

Unpublished materials disclosed in a submitted manuscript must not be used in an editor’s own research without the express written consent of the author. Privileged information or ideas obtained through peer review must be kept confidential and not used for personal advantage.

Recusal: Editors should recuse themselves (i.e., ask a co-editor, associate editor, or other member of the editorial board to review and consider) from considering manuscripts in which they have conflicts of interest resulting from competitive, collaborative, or other relationships or connections with any of the authors, companies, or (possibly) institutions connected to the papers.

Vigilance over the Published Record

Editors act as the safeguard of the published record. They should take responsive measures when ethical complaints have been presented concerning a submitted manuscript or published paper. Such measures will generally include contacting the author of the manuscript or paper and giving due consideration to the respective complaint or claims made, but may also include further communications to the relevant institutions and research bodies. If the complaint is upheld, the publication of a correction, retraction, expression of concern, or other note may be relevant.

Prevention of Citation Manipulation

Editors must not attempt to influence the journal’s ranking by artificially increasing any journal metric. Editors will not request that authors cite articles from the editor’s own journal, or the editor’s own papers, merely to increase citations. All suggested citations must be scientifically relevant to the manuscript.

III. Duties and Responsibilities of Reviewers

Peer review is an essential component of formal scholarly communication. It assists the editor in making editorial decisions and through the editorial communications with the author may also assist the author in improving the paper.

Contribution to Editorial Decisions

Peer review assists the editor in making editorial decisions and helps the author improve the paper. Reviewers are expected to provide constructive, honest, and polite feedback.

Promptness and Punctuality

Any selected referee who feels unqualified to review the research reported in a manuscript or knows that its prompt review will be impossible should notify the editor and excuse themselves from the review process. Timeliness is crucial for rapid scientific dissemination, and reviewers should adhere to agreed deadlines.

Confidentiality

Manuscripts received for review must be treated as confidential documents. They must not be shown to or discussed with others except as authorized by the editor.

• Reviewers should not contact the authors directly.
• Reviewers should not share the manuscript or its data with colleagues or students without prior permission from the editor.
• Reviewers must not retain copies of the manuscript after the review is complete.

Standards of Objectivity

Reviews should be conducted objectively. Personal criticism of the author is inappropriate. Referees should express their views clearly with supporting arguments. The focus should remain on the content, methodology, interpretation, and validity of the work.

Acknowledgement of Sources

Reviewers should identify relevant published work that has not been cited by the authors. Any statement that an observation, derivation, or argument had been previously reported should be accompanied by the relevant citation. A reviewer should also call to the editor’s attention any substantial similarity or overlap between the manuscript under consideration and any other published paper of which they have personal knowledge.

Disclosure and Conflict of Interest

Privileged information or ideas obtained through peer review must be kept confidential and not used for personal advantage. Reviewers should not consider manuscripts in which they have conflicts of interest resulting from competitive, collaborative, or other relationships or connections with any of the authors, companies, or institutions connected to the papers. If a reviewer suspects a conflict of interest, they must notify the editor immediately to declare it.

AI in Peer Review

Reviewers are strictly prohibited from uploading manuscripts into generative AI tools (such as ChatGPT) for the purpose of generating reviews or summaries. This action violates the confidentiality of the manuscript and the proprietary rights of the authors.

Duties of the Publisher

Global Citation is committed to ensuring that commercial revenue has no impact or influence on editorial decisions. We play a supporting role to our editors and editorial boards.

Guardianship of the Scholarly Record

As a publisher, we have a duty to maintain the integrity of the scientific record. We support our editors in reviewing complaints and appeals. In cases of alleged or proven scientific misconduct, fraudulent publication, or plagiarism, the publisher, in close collaboration with the editors, will take all appropriate measures to clarify the situation and to amend the article in question. This includes the prompt publication of an erratum, clarification, or, in the most severe case, the retraction of the affected work.

Handling Unethical Behavior

In cases of alleged or proven scientific misconduct, Global Citation will follow the COPE flowcharts and guidelines. We will assist the editors in investigating the claim. If the claim involves the editors themselves, the publisher will refer the case to an independent external panel.

Corrections and Retractions

• Corrections (Errata/Corrigenda): We publish corrections when errors are identified that do not fundamentally invalidate the research findings.
• Retractions: We retract articles if there is clear evidence that the findings are unreliable, either as a result of misconduct (e.g., data fabrication) or honest error (e.g., miscalculation or experimental error). Retractions are also issued for redundant publication, plagiarism, or unethical research. Retracted articles are not removed from the online record but are clearly marked as retracted to ensure transparency.
• Withdrawals: Articles may be withdrawn by the authors before publication. However, if the article is already in the peer review process, withdrawal requires a valid reason and approval from the editor.

Accessibility and Archiving

Global Citation is dedicated to the permanent availability and preservation of scholarly research. We maintain a digital archive of all published articles and ensure that our content is indexed in major repositories to prevent the loss of knowledge.

Procedures for Dealing with Unethical Behavior

Global Citation is committed to due process. When an allegation of misconduct arises, we follow a structured approach.

Identification of Unethical Behavior

Misconduct and unethical behavior may be identified and brought to the attention of the editor and publisher at any time, by anyone. This includes situations such as plagiarism, data fabrication, or ethical lapses in research design. The person informing the editor or publisher should provide sufficient information and evidence in order for an investigation to be initiated. All allegations are taken seriously and treated in the same manner, until a successful decision or conclusion is reached.

Investigation

An initial decision should be taken by the editor, who should consult with or seek advice from the publisher, if appropriate. Evidence should be gathered, while avoiding spreading any allegations beyond those who need to know.

• Minor Misconduct: Minor misconduct might be dealt with without the need to consult more widely. In any event, the author should be given the opportunity to respond to any allegations.
• Serious Misconduct: Serious misconduct might require that the employers of the accused be notified. The editor, in consultation with the publisher or the academic society as appropriate, should make the decision whether or not to involve the employers, either by examining the available evidence themselves or by further consultation with a limited number of experts.

Outcomes

Depending on the severity of the misconduct, the following outcomes may occur (in increasing order of severity):

1. Informing or educating the author or reviewer where there appears to be a misunderstanding or misapplication of acceptable standards.
2. A formal letter to the author or reviewer covering the misconduct and as a warning to future behavior.
3. Publication of a formal notice detailing the misconduct.
4. Publication of an editorial detailing the misconduct.
5. A formal letter to the head of the author’s or reviewer’s department or funding agency.
6. Formal retraction or withdrawal of a publication from the journal, in conjunction with informing the head of the author or reviewer’s department, abstracting & indexing services, and the readership of the publication.
7. Imposition of a formal embargo on contributions from an individual for a defined period.
8. Reporting the case and outcome to a professional organization or higher authority for further investigation and action.

By adhering to these guidelines, Global Citation ensures that the research we publish is trustworthy, ethical, and contributes positively to the global scientific community.

Global Citation is committed to dismantling barriers to knowledge. We operate under a full Open Access model, ensuring that research findings are immediately available to the global community without subscription walls or access fees. To sustain this model and cover the operational costs of high quality publishing, we levy an Article Processing Charge (APC) which is payable only after a manuscript has been peer reviewed and accepted for publication.

The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication is $49, payable only after the formal acceptance of the manuscript.

Duties of the Book Publisher

As an organization functioning alongside global book publishers, Global Citation is committed to ensuring that commercial revenue has no impact or influence on editorial decisions.

Understanding the APC Model

Unlike traditional book publishers that rely on restricting access to subscribers, Open Access allows for the unrestricted distribution and reuse of content under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license. The APC is a single fee that covers the entire cost of the publication process.

Key Features of our Policy

• No Submission Fees: There are no charges for submitting a manuscript. The fee is only applicable if the article is accepted.
• No Rejection Fees: If a manuscript is rejected after peer review, there is absolutely no charge to the authors.
• All-Inclusive: The APC covers all standard costs. We do not charge extra for article length, color figures, or supplementary data files.
• Non-Billable Items: Editorials, corrections, retractions, and addendums are published free of charge.

Note: Payment of the APC does not guarantee acceptance. All manuscripts must pass our rigorous peer review process based on their scientific merit.

Transparency in Pricing

We believe authors have a right to know how their fees are utilized. Global Citation aligns its pricing structure with the transparency recommendations of the Fair Open Access Alliance and Plan S requirements. The revenue generated from APCs is reinvested into the following critical areas:

• Editorial Platform: Maintaining the online submission systems and websites.
• Peer Review Administration: Managing the complex logistics of the review process to ensure speed and rigor.
• Production: Professional copyediting, typesetting, XML conversion, and PDF formatting.
• Digital Preservation: Long term archiving in repositories to ensure the research remains accessible for future generations.
• Marketing and Dissemination: Ensuring the research reaches a wide audience through indexing and promotion.

Waiver and Discount Program

Global Citation is dedicated to fostering equity in academic publishing. We recognize that funding availability varies significantly across different regions and disciplines. To ensure that financial limitations do not prevent the publication of high quality research, we offer a robust waiver program.

• Automatic Waivers: Authors based in countries classified as “Low Income” by the World Bank are eligible for automatic full waivers or significant discounts.
• Discretionary Waivers: Authors from middle income countries or those with insufficient research funding may request a discount. These requests are evaluated on a case by case basis, considering both the financial situation of the author and the scientific quality of the work.
• Institutional Partnerships: Authors affiliated with universities or societies that have a membership agreement with Global Citation may be eligible for reduced fees or full coverage via their institution.

Payment Information

Upon acceptance of an article, the corresponding author will receive an invoice.

• Timeline: Payment is typically due within 5 to 10 business days from the invoice date.
• Currencies: We accept payments in major currencies including USD (United States Dollar), GBP (Great Britain Pound), EUR (Euro), and AED (United Arab Emirates Dirham).
• Methods: Secure payment options include major credit cards, bank wire transfers, and online payment platforms such as PayPal. Checks payable to Global Citation are also accepted.

Language and Editing

It is the responsibility of the authors to ensure their manuscript is written in clear, grammatically correct English. While the APC covers basic proofreading and final polish during the production phase, it does not cover extensive language editing or translation services. Manuscripts that require significant editing may face delays. We encourage authors to utilize professional language editing services prior to submission if necessary.

Funding Support

We encourage authors to check with their funding bodies or institutions, as many research grants specifically allocate funds for Open Access publication charges. Our editorial office can provide assistance and documentation to help authors claim these funds.